Vol. 9, Issue 4 (2021)
Biotechnological advances in leguminous vegetables: A review
Author(s): Sonali Sharma, Anil Bhushan, RK Samnotra, Reshav Naik, Rakesh Kumar and Pankaj Panotra
Abstract: Vegetable legumes (Garden Pea, French bean, Cowpea, Cluster bean, Lima bean, Winged bean etc.) are an integral part of a balanced human diet being main source of proteins. In addition, they also contain an appreciable amount of carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, along with various other health-promoting bioactive chemicals. The demand for both fresh and processed vegetable legumes is steadily increasing as consumers become more aware of the importance of a well-balanced diet. Therefore, sustaining optimum yields of vegetable legumes is extremely important but the main difficulties affecting their production are the relatively low increase in yields and the negative effects of biotic and abiotic stresses. Traditional crop improvement approaches are generally more laborious, time consuming and devoid of significant genetic gains. Therefore, these are inadequate for plant genome enhancement to develop new plant varieties. Recently, the invention of biotechnological tools has opened new avenues for research and development in vegetable legumes studies. Biotechnological tools provide three major aspects of genetic improvement of leguminous vegetables through tissue culture (in vitro regeneration, double haploid production in vitro mutagenesis, in vitro gene transfer, somatic hybridization, somaclonal variations), molecular breeding or marker assisted selection (MAS) (Marker assisted backcrossing, gene pyramiding, recurrent selection, genome-wide association mapping studies) and genetic engineering. However, recent advances in genome editing technology using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and CRISPR-associated (Cas 9) proteins have opened the door to a new plant breeding era. Genome editing technologies have many advantages over traditional agricultural methods, having simplicity and high specificity. Conventional breeding in conjunction with molecular breeding, genetic tools and resources enable vegetable breeders to scale up their research in the field of legume vegetable improvement. In the current paper, a comprehensive review on significant achievements in biotechnological advancement in vegetable legume breeding in India and abroad has been done.
Pages: 359-370 | 320 Views 28 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
Sonali Sharma, Anil Bhushan, RK Samnotra, Reshav Naik, Rakesh Kumar, Pankaj Panotra. Biotechnological advances in leguminous vegetables: A review. Int J Chem Stud 2021;9(4):359-370.
