Vol. 6, Issue 3 (2018)
Assessment and mapping of ground water quality of southern parts of Bhadravati town in Shivamogga district, Karnataka, India using GIS techniques
Author(s): Nagaraja HV, Rudramurthy HV, Rajesh NL and C Sudharshana
Abstract: Among the cations, Na concentration exceeded the threshold limit of either international or WHO standards in 62.5 percent ground water samples. In cent percent of ground water samples the concentration of both chloride and fluoride exceeded the threshold limits (250-500 and 0.8-2.0 mg L-1 respectively) of either international or WHO standards. In nearly 9 percent water samples, nitrate concentration was more than the lower limit of either international or WHO standards. Water pH of ground water samples was slightly alkaline and however it was within the permissible limit (6.5-8.5) as per WHO. Pearson correlation was also positive between pH and both carbonates and bicarbonates and however this relation was significant only with bicarbonate (0.312*). Water soluble salt concentration exceeded the permissible limit (0.25 dS m-1) of WHO and thus in cent percent study area groundwater quality was poor with respect to EC. EC was positively and significantly correlated with Ca2+ (0.608**), Mg2+ (0.384*), Na+ (0.358*), Cl- (0.765**) and NO3-(0.462**) while carbonates (-0.301) were negatively correlated with EC. Nearly one third of the ground water samples recorded the TDS less than the permissible limit and rest of the samples witnessed high value for TDS. TDS were strongly and positively correlated with Ca2+ (0.388*), Na (0.362*), Cl- (0.496**) and SO42- (0.482**). Total hardness (TH) of water exceeded the international and WHO standards in 93.75 per cent of ground water samples. The TH was strongly and positively correlated with Ca2+ (0.891**), Mg2+ (0.651**) and Cl- (0.540**) which suggested that contribution of permanent hardness to TH is much more than the temporary hardness.
Pages: 2884-2888 | 379 Views 58 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
Nagaraja HV, Rudramurthy HV, Rajesh NL, C Sudharshana. Assessment and mapping of ground water quality of southern parts of Bhadravati town in Shivamogga district, Karnataka, India using GIS techniques. Int J Chem Stud 2018;6(3):2884-2888.
