Vol. 6, Issue 4 (2018)
Realization of facts and profiteering of black gram through different breeding methods
Author(s): M Sakila and M Pandiyan
Abstract: Blackgram or Urdbean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) is a highly self-pollinated crop with cliestogamy up to 42%. Urdbean is grown all over the South East Asia (Puneglov, 1968). In India it is mostly grown as a kharif crop.In the past, remarkable progress has been made towards the development of high yielding, stress resistant and input responsive varieties by utilizing the available germplasm. The impact of these varieties has been well realized in their crop productivity. The present review highlights the past, present and future importance of improving high yield in black gram through different breeding strategies viz., selection, hybridization, mutation and other molecular breeding approaches. But alien gene transfer for several traits such as photo and thermo sensitive, erect plant types stand still. Heterotic studies in blackgram, the important genetic mechanism operates to bring superiority in F1 hybrid than their parents (Isha Parveen et al., 2013) Heterosis has been of immense economic value in agriculture and has important implications regarding the fitness and fecundity of individuals in natural populations. Considering blackgram (Vigna mungo L.), a pulse crop which is self-pollinated, little work has been done on heterosis (Shawn Kaeppler 2012)). This genetic tool is the basic mechanism in developing blackgram cultivars with high yielding potentials. The increase in blackgram production volume comes mainly from the increase in blackgram cultivated area. A possible breakthrough for this production limitation is to exploit hybrid vigor of the F1 for possible production of hybrid varieties. The magnitude of hybrid vigor is normally presented in terms of heterosis (superiority of the F1 hybrid over its parental mean) and heterobeltiosis (superiority of the F1 hybrid over its better parent (Soehend and Srinives 2005)).The results on heterosis so far in blackgram were encouraging and still there a scope to utilize this genetic phenomenon to develop new cultivars superior than existing. Hence this review illustrates the facts and proof for different research on black gram and the future prospects. (Isha Parveen et al. 2013).
Pages: 3359-3369 | 490 Views 79 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
M Sakila, M Pandiyan. Realization of facts and profiteering of black gram through different breeding methods. Int J Chem Stud 2018;6(4):3359-3369.
