Vol. 7, Issue 1 (2019)
Physico-chemical properties of essential oil in vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash) as influenced by different planting methods and nutrition
Author(s): Raviprasad Sajjan M, Venugopal CK, Chandranath HT, Balachandra K Naik and Mokashi AN
Abstract: An experiment was conducted at Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Unit, Saidapur Farm, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka to study the physico-chemical properties of essential oil in vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash) as influenced by different planting methods and nutrition during July 2015- July 2016. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three main plot and six sub plot comprising of eighteen treatment combinations with two replications. The main plot consisted of three planting methods; P1– Ridge and furrow method, P2– Bed method and P3– Bag method. The sub plot consisted of six fertilizer levels; F1- 25:25:25 kg NPK/ha, F2- 50:25:25 kg NPK/ha, F3- 75:25:25 kg NPK/ha, F4- 25:50:25 kg NPK/ha, F5- 50:50:25 kg NPK/ha and F6- 75:50:25 kg NPK/ha. For all the treatments, farm yard manure @ 10 tonnes per ha was applied. Among the planting methods, bag method (P3) recorded significantly higher dry root yield (4085.78 kg/ha) and essential oil yield (85.34 kg/ha) compared to other planting methods. Among the different levels of fertilizers, the higher dose of fertilizer (F6- 75:50:25 kg N, P2O5 and K2O per ha recorded significantly higher dry root yield (3,453.19 kg/ha) and essential oil yield (73.32 kg/ha) compared to other fertilizer levels. The interaction effects were also found significant. The bag method (P3) with fertilizer levels of 75:50:25 kg NPK/ha (F6) recorded significantly higher dry root yield (4333.52 kg/ha) and essential oil yield (94.25 kg/ha) compared to all other interactions. The planting methods and fertilizer levels individually and also in combination did not result in any significant differences for essential oil content. The vetiver oil samples were analysed for their physico-chemical properties. The samples were dark colour, turbid, opaque in P1F6, medium in P2F6 and light brown colour, transparent, thin in P3F6 treatment combinations, whereas the samples were light brown colour, transparent, thin in P1F1, P2F1 and P3F1 combinations. The oil recorded maximum values in all parameters viz., specific gravity (1.032) in P1F6, refractive index (1.5225) in P3F6, acid value (48.09) in P1F6, ester value (121.19) in P3F6 and saponification value (159.34) in P3F6 combinations. In case of odour evaluation, the oil was woody, fresh, distinct rosy aroma in P1F6, typical vetiver aroma in P2F6 and P3F6 combinations, whereas P1F1 had camphoraceous, dilute aroma, P2F1 had rosy, characteristic, persistent woody aroma and P3F1 had rosy, typical vetiver aroma.
Fig. 1: Clevenger’s apparatus for distillation of oil
Pages: 1443-1447 | 468 Views 172 Downloads
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How to cite this article:
Raviprasad Sajjan M, Venugopal CK, Chandranath HT, Balachandra K Naik, Mokashi AN. Physico-chemical properties of essential oil in vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash) as influenced by different planting methods and nutrition. Int J Chem Stud 2019;7(1):1443-1447.
